What is polio?

What is polio? | HealthFitness

Poliomyelitis or poliomyelitis is an infectious disease caused by a poliovirus that affects the brainstem and spinal cord. Although in most cases, polio infection is harmless if it spreads to the brain or spinal cord. This can lead to paralysis and even death. In the middle of the 20th century, poliovirus infection reached a level of prevalence.

Today, the threat of poliomyelitis has been largely eliminated in developed countries because of the introduction of vaccines. However, the persistence of this disease is dangerous for people living in the most affected countries and children under five are particularly vulnerable.

However, public health officials believe that polio can be completely eradicated and that three polioviruses were completely eradicated in 1999.

The effect of poliovirus on the nervous system

Your worries include thoughts, spinal cord and nerves, and your brain and spinal cord is called high-value anxiety systems or vital anxiety machines. Your SNC controls your belief in the world. It takes data from all the elements of the body, processes them technically and sends instructions to different parts of the body so that you can react to the different stimuli you exhibit each day. The network of neurons between your frame and between the main nervous system and the important nerves combines the facts: the device is called the peripheral frightened system.

The device that worries you contains thousands of nerve cells or neurons, three of which are: sensory neurons, interneurons and motoneurons. Sensory neurons are people who respond to external and internal stimuli, including heat, light or chemical substances. These neurons transmit these statistics to the central anxiety device, which the interneurons decode and then transmit the commands of the motor neurons and muscles or glands to certain parts of the frame to be moved. Your main frightened device will also ask your body to do some basic things: the voluntary movements that the brain consciously controls and the involuntary movements that the brain does not consciously manipulate. Reflex movement is an involuntary movement that can be a good example of how the system works. For example, although statistics are obtained by sensory neurons, when you use the bug, they are sent to the critical anxiety system where they are treated. Then your important anxiety gadget sends commands to the motor neurons to inform you that your muscle tissue is away from the source of the pain.

Your important gadgets for worry are organized into organizational counting styles called grey accounts and bank accounts. If we look at the passage of the spinal cord, we will see that the grey depends on the butterfly. The grey of the ventral horn (or of the anterior surface) is counted, including in particular the motoneurons, responsible for the movement of the muscular tissues responsible for swallowing, breathing and the maintenance of the blood flow, as well as the movements of the torso, arms and legs. Motor neurons located in this area are particularly susceptible to poliovirus infection.

How is polio progressing?

In contact with faecal inflammation, you may be infected with poliovirus. However, you can also get a virus by direct contact with a local infected person who can be infected without any symptoms and can spread the virus through faeces within a few weeks. In fact, polio is extremely contagious, so that all the houses in which we accommodate new infections may also become inflamed. Since poliovirus may exist for several weeks outside the human body frame, it may also be transmitted through contaminated water and food. For these reasons, it is easier to extend it to people with poor infrastructure, poor sanitation and overcrowded housing, and young people are vulnerable to pollution. When your immune system is not fully functional, such as when you are small, old or pregnant, the risk of infection is higher. Diseases that weaken the immune system associated with HIV or tonsillectomy may also increase the risk of polio infection.

How does your body develop poliovirus?

Polioviruses usually enter your body through your nose or mouth, almost immediately infecting the cells in your cavity (your pharynx), and the intestines begin to multiply. About every week, it spreads to the different components of the tonsils and immune system and proliferates rapidly. Finally, the poliovirus may collapse into your bloodstream, and if this happens, it will spread widely in your body. In most cases, even if your poliovirus is still far from the intestines or blood, your supervisor will still suppress it. However, in some people, poliovirus can enter the gadget of extreme fear. After arriving there, he infected and propagated internal motor neurons and copied them hundreds of times. When it is ready to appear, it destroys neurons and spreads to nearby uninfected cells. At this level, the classification of disease from a scientific perspective is based primarily on damage to neurons and the impact of important parts of the machine:

Spinal polio:

This is the most common form of polio. This occurs when the poliovirus infects and kills motor neurons that depend on the grey areas of the ventral horn of the spine. As the cell dies, the muscle mass of the torso and limbs is no longer able to get signals from the terrible system involved. They weaken and begin to shrink. In a short period of time (several days), they become completely paralyzed.

Puffy polio:

This form of polio occurs in a few cases due to poliovirus infection and damage to the medullary neurons of the mind stem. It weakens the muscle groups we use to talk, swallow and breathe.

Spinal cord polio:

About one-fifth of patients with paralytic polio have medullary and spinal cord infections. In these cases, the poliovirus also infects the upper cervical spine, causing the muscle paralysis.

Signs and symptoms

Most people who are inflammatory due to polio have no symptoms or signs and no longer realize that they are infected. However, if the virus exceeds the intestinal tract in your blood, it may increase the symptoms of subclinical or non-paralytic polio. These symptoms are usually mild, including fever, fatigue, complications and vomiting, and stiff neck and limbs.

If the poliovirus reaches your precious machine, these signs will become extremely sinister and you will develop so-called paralytic polio.

Muscle weakness and paralysis usually develop rapidly and are often observed in the form of fever, muscle aches, loss of reflexes and relaxation of limbs. Often, paralysis affects one aspect of your frame most, and the paralysis of the arms and legs is usually very extreme near the back of the string compared to the fingertips of the fingers and feet. After a week or two of infection, the virus can damage the engine. Neurons, your spinal cord and your thinking are enough to keep you smashed all the time. However, in most cases, the characteristics of the muscle will improve, and many patients with paralytic polio will definitely improve. However, muscle weakness and paralysis of 365 days or more may be eternal.

If the bulbar brain is infected, you may have other signs and symptoms associated with nerve damage in the area. These may also include difficulty swallowing and tongue movements, which may cause mucus buildup in the air carrier, which can lead to suffocation. You can also enjoy facial weaknesses, diplopia and respiratory failure, which can also be fatal.

Who is most grateful for polio?

Polio is highly contagious and affects children under 5 years of age. Although it has been eliminated in most parts of the world, its kilometres are unique to Nigeria, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Increased risk of polio on different international sites in major countries and countries in different countries/regions.

Although the number of cases of polio has been greatly reduced over the past 25 years, approximately 400 cases of polio are registered each year, and every 2 per cent ends with permanent paralysis.

Precaution

The easiest way to keep yourself away from polio is the polio vaccine, which protects you from all three viruses of the poliovirus. Attenuated oral polio vaccines and inactivated polio vaccines administered by injection are widely used internationally. The effective rate after two doses is 90%, and the effective rate after three doses is 99%. If you are repeatedly hit by fascination, it can protect you from survival.

The Arena Health Agency recommends that at least one dose of inactivated polio vaccine be given to infant oral vaccines (three doses) in most countries.

Currently, the fitness business in the industry is passing the global health company to prove that there is no polio. If you have been vaccinated against polio in your lifetime and are heading to a polio-infected area, it is highly recommended that you take a booster dose for adults 4 to 6 weeks before you leave. If you don't do this now. not yet.

Prognosis and cure

Your doctor can perform the first analysis of poliovirus based primarily on your scientific records, signs and symptoms. For example, if you are no longer vaccinated and have difficulty swallowing or breathing, atypical reflexes and stiff neck, your doctor may think you have polio. To check this, he may ask you to provide a mucus sample (swab removed from the throat), a stool sample, or he may also want to get a sample of cerebrospinal fluid - liquid from your central nervous system. The signature is then sent to the laboratory to analyze the presence of poliovirus.

There is currently no cure or cure for poliovirus contamination. Instead, your doctor will focus on techniques that speed up recovery and avoid complications. These may also include mattress rest, painkillers, portable ventilators to help with breathing, moderate exercise to prevent muscle atrophy, and a healthy diet to help immunize gadgets and other functional physics.

Vaccination

Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is usually vaccinated at 2 months, 4 months, 6 to 18 months, and 4 to 6 years of age.

IPV is sometimes used as a vaccine with other vaccines. In this example, the infant may receive a fifth IPV dose. It is safe.